次黄嘌呤核苷酸脱氢酶(IMPDH)基因在猪链球菌不同血清型中的分布

参照GenBank上已发表的次黄嘌呤核甘酸脱氢酶（IMPDH）基因序列,设计引物,对34个猪链球菌不同血清型（缺12型）国际标准株进行了IMPDH基因的PCR检测及序列分析。结果表明：除17型、24型、32型、33型和34型外,其他29个血清型都为阳性,其核苷酸序列的同源性为88．3％～100．0％,所推导的蛋白质序列的同源性为94．7％～100．0％。为进一步研究IMPDH的生物学特性和功能奠定了基础。     

猪源马链球菌兽疫亚种灭活疫苗对小鼠的免疫效力评价

 【目的】评价中国不同地区猪源马链球菌兽疫亚种分离株抗原性的差异,为猪链球菌病疫苗的研制提供指导。【方法】取从国内10省市分离的10株猪源马链球菌兽疫亚种分离株,分别制备灭活疫苗,免疫12周龄ICR小鼠,用同源菌株和ATCC35246株攻击。【结果】以同源菌株攻击免疫小鼠,除CG-74-63株外,其余菌株的保护率均在90％以上;而以异源菌株ATCC35246进行攻击,免疫小鼠的免疫保护率为80%～100%。【结论】中国不同地区的猪源马链球菌兽疫亚种分离株的抗原性差异不大,单一菌株制备的疫苗具有保护性。     

Streptococcus Suis: Past and Present

Staats, J.J., Feder, I., Okwumabua, O. and Chengappa, M.M., 1997. Streptococcus suis: past and present. Veterinary Research Communications, 21 (6), 381-407Steptococcus suis is a Gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic coccus that has been implicated as the cause of a wide range of clinical disease syndromes in swine and other domestic animals. In swine, the disease has spread worldwide but is more prevalent in countries with intensive swine management practices. The disease syndromes caused by S. suis in swine include arthritis, meningitis, pneumonia, septicaemia, endocarditis, polyserositis, abortions and abscesses. S. suis has also been implicated in disease in humans, especially among abattoir workers and swine and pork handlers. In humans, S. suis type 2 can cause meningitis, which may result in permanent hearing loss, septicaemia, endocarditis and death. The pathogenic mechanism of S. suis is not well defined. Several virulence factors have been identified, but their roles in pathogenesis and disease have not been well elucidated. Much work is in progress on characterization of virulence factors and mechanisms, with emphasis on the control of the disease. Because of the non-availability of suitable immunoprophylaxis, control of S. suis infection has depended mainly on the use of antimicrobials.     

环介导等温扩增联合横向流动试纸条可视化检测海豚链球菌方法的建立

海豚链球菌(Streptococcus iniae)是一种革兰氏阳性球菌,呈β溶血,可感染多种淡水和海洋鱼类。本研究利用环介导等温扩增技术(loop-mediated isothermal amplification,LAMP)进行核酸扩增,通过横向流动试纸条方法 (lateral flow dipstick,LFD)实现检测,建立了一种可应用于海豚链球菌快速检测的LAMP-LFD技术。该技术以海豚链球菌促旋酶B亚单位(gyrase subunit B,gyr B)基因为检测靶标,设计3对引物进行由生物素标记的LAMP扩增反应,产物经异硫氰酸荧光素(fluorescein isothiocyanate,FITC)标记的探针杂交后,在LFD上完成检测。经优化的核酸扩增最适条件为65℃反应30 min,在此条件下,阳性扩增起始时间与模板浓度之间呈典型的线性相关性。从核酸扩增反应开始到LFD显色,整个检测时程只需40 min左右,比常规PCR技术缩短约2 h。LAMP-LFD能特异性地检出海豚链球菌,针对病原纯培养物的检测灵敏度为8.70×101cfu/m L,是LAMP检测的10倍、常规PCR检测的100倍。以灵敏度浓度(8.70×101cfu/m L)的海豚链球菌基因组DNA为模板进行的LAMP-LFD结果显示该方法具有良好的重复性。针对人工污染花鲈(Lateolabrax japonicus)肝组织的检测灵敏度为4.35×103cfu/m L,同样为常规PCR检测方法的100倍。利用本方法可成功从患病花鲈的组织样品中检测出海豚链球菌,检测结果与常规的细菌分离鉴定方法结果一致。因此,利用LAMP-LFD能特异、准确、高效地检测出海豚链球菌,而且操作简单、费用低、耗时短,有望成为海豚链球菌的常规检测方法。     

Serotype distribution and production of muramidase-released protein, extracellular factor and suilysin by field strains of Streptococcus suis isolated in the United States

Streptococcus suis is an important swine pathogen and a zoonotic agent. Differences in virulence have been noted among the 33 described serotypes, serotype 2 being considered the most virulent. In this study, we aimed at assessing the serotype distribution and the production of virulence-associated markers by strains recovered from diseased pigs in the United States (U.S.). Results showed that among the 100 strains evaluated, serotype 3 (20% of the isolates) and serotype 2 (17%) were the most prevalent. We then investigated the presence in these isolates of the genes sly, epf and mrp, encoding the virulence-associated markers suilysin (SLY), extracellular factor (EF) and muramidase-released (MRP) protein, respectively. The effective production of the markers by the strains was also verified. Results showed that the presence of the gene did not always correlate with actual expression of the respective protein. In the case of MRP, this was due, in most cases, to frameshift mutations at the 5′ end of the gene resulting in premature stop codons. The most prevalent phenotypes among U.S. strains were MRP⁺EF⁻SLY⁻ (40%) and MRP⁻EF⁻SLY⁺ (35%). Serotype distribution greatly differed from that reported in several European countries, as did the production of virulence markers, particularly for serotype 2. On the other hand, our results for the U.S. S. suis isolates are similar to those reported for Canadian strains, suggesting a common status in North America.     

An outbreak of fatal hemorrhagic pneumonia caused by Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus in shelter dogs

An outbreak of fatal hemorrhagic pneumonia with 70~90% morbidity and 50% mortality occurred in an animal shelter in Yangju, Gyeonggi Province, Korea. Clinically, the affected dogs showed severe respiratory distress within 48 h after arriving in the shelter. The dead were found mainly with nasal bleeding and hematemesis. At necropsy, hemothorax and hemorrhagic pneumonia along with severe pulmonary consolidation was observed, though histopathological analysis showed mainly hemorrhagic bronchopneumonia. Lymphoid depletion was inconsistently seen in the spleen, tonsil and bronchial lymph node. Gram-positive colonies were shown in blood vessels or parenchyma of cerebrum, lung, liver, spleen, and kidney. Also, Streptococcus (S.) equi subsp. zooepidemicus was isolated from the various organs in which the bacterium was microscopically and histologically detected. In addition, approximately 0.9 Kb specific amplicon, antiphagocytic factor H binding protein, was amplified in the bacterial isolates. In this study, we reported an outbreak of canine hemorrhagic bronchopneumonia caused by S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus in an animal shelter in Yangju, Korea.     

獭兔链球菌的分离与鉴定

对通辽市某獭兔种免场采集到的病死兔组织进行细菌分离,通过形态鉴定、生化鉴定、药敏试验、动物致病性试验等一系列诊断,证实链球菌感染是引起兔死亡的主要原因。根据药敏试验结果,对免群进行针对性治疗．使病情得到有效控制。     

猪链球菌2型四川分离株毒力基因的检测及其序列分析

根据猪链球菌2型的MRP、EPF和SLY基因设计合成了四对引物,对我们分离鉴定的2005四川分离株进行毒力因子检测,并对阳性产物测序比较。结果以分离株为模板,获得了与预期结果一致的867bp(MRP)、572bp(EF)的2个片段,以及SLY的长度为1502bp目的片段(外引物)和1443bp的目的片段(内引物)。说明分离株SSsc0501为MRP+EF+SLY+,属于具有3种主要毒力因子的强毒株。经对PCR阳性产物测序及序列分析,结果其与P1/7株的核苷酸序列完全一致,与1933株的同源性达99.7%,仅在128位、217位、744位、1380位、1386位的5个核苷酸发生突变。在氨基酸水平上SSsc0501株与1933株的同源性达99.6%,有2个氨基酸发生替代。     

猪链球菌种与9型猪链球菌二重PCR检测方法的建立及应用

为了建立猪链球菌(Streptococcus suis,SS)种与9型猪链球菌(SS9)的快速诊断方法,本研究根据GenBank已登录的SS种特异性基因gdh和SS9型特异性基因CPS9H设计引物,以标准SS9株基因组DNA为模板,建立了SS种和SS9的二重PCR检测方法,并进行了特异性、敏感性和重复性试验;利用所建立的方法对检测疑似猪链球菌感染猪临床样品,并与常规细菌分离鉴定方法进行了比对。结果表明成功建立SS种和SS9型猪链球菌二重PCR检测方法,该方法的检测灵敏度可达100个CFU,特异性和重复性好;利用该方法对34份临床分离自疑似猪链球菌感染样品的细菌培养物进行了应用检测试验,其中有11份样品为gdh阳性,11份gdh阳性样品中有3份样品同时为SS9阳性。本研究成功建立了SS种与SS9型猪链球菌二重PCR检测方法,可用于猪链球菌种和SS9型猪链球菌的快速诊断。     

猪链球菌9型cps9G基因的克隆与序列分析

根据GenBank中猪链球菌9型(SS9)基因的核酸序列,设计一对引物,采用PCR方法从确诊为猪链球菌的阳性样品中扩增cps9G基因片段,将其克隆到pMD18-T载体上,转化DH5a感受态细胞,提取重组质粒pMD18T-cps9G,经PCR和酶切鉴定后测序,并与GenBank上SS9相应序列进行同源性分析.结果表明,经PCR扩增,鉴定为SS9的有8株.序列分析发现,8株SS9的cpsgG片段的核苷酸序列较稳定,该基因片段长度均为562 bp,彼此间的核苷酸同源性达96.8%～99.8%,亲缘关系密切;与GenBank上已发表的SS9参考毒株的同源性介于96.0%～98.6%.